You searched for "anatomy"

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How I Do It - Primary rejuvenation upper blepharoplasty – tips from an oculoplastic surgeon

Preoperative For me the preoperative stage is actually the most important part in the patient’s journey and can take much longer than the actual operation itself. It takes me about 45-60 minutes to assess, counsel and consent for a primary...

In conversation with Dr Hema Sundaram

We were delighted to chat to world-renowned Dr Hema Sundaram about her fascinating career in dermatology and how plans for SEASON 2020 are going. You are internationally recognised in the fields of dermatology and plastic surgery – can you tell...

Progressive peri-orbital swelling over three years: a rare complication of HA dermal filler injection treated successfully by hyaluronidase

The term ‘tear trough’ was first introduced by Flowers in 1969 to describe the deformity that leads to lower eyelid depression. It was proposed that the defect was due to a muscular defect between the angular head of the quadrates...

Off-label cosmetic use of botulinum toxin in the lower face

Botulinum toxin A (BoNTA) is commonly used as an off-label cosmetic modality to improve the ageing lower face and neck, and may be used as a single line treatment or in combination with other procedures, such as dermal fillers [1]....

Ethnic characteristics of the hair

The authors of this article discuss various aspects of ethnic differences in the field of hair restoration. They categorise three ethnic groups: Asian, White and African. In the article anatomic and hair characteristics are introduced. Understanding the follicle shape, calibre...

Filleting the lobule in otoplasty

The correction of lobular deformities continues to represent a challenge during otoplasty, due to its three major anatomic components: the axial angular protrusion, the coronal angular protrusion and the inherent shape. These aspects make controlled lobule repositioning less predictable. The...

Condylar fractures – current thinking

The author presents a review of 133 papers, most of which are recent and some of which are historic. The topic examined is that of condylar fractures including condylar neck and coronoid process. This topic has always been controversial and...

Female Cosmetic Genital Surgery: lifestyle or science?

The demand for female cosmetic genital surgery (FCGS) has increased over the last decade [1]. This rise is difficult to quantify, as the majority of these procedures are performed in the private sector. However, this trend is also obvious within...

Rejuvenation of the forehead: correction of the frontal concavity

During the ageing process, many different anatomical changes contribute to the aged appearance of the face [1]. Focusing on the forehead, typical age-related changes are regression of the hairline, solar damage, skin laxity, dynamic wrinkles, reduction of fat and bone...

Sushruta and Indian rhinoplasty

Vijay Pothula explains rhinoplasty’s roots in ancient Indian Ayurvedic medicine, and how it was introduced to the Western world. In 1794 The Gentleman’s Magazine published a surgical operation which was long established in India but unknown in Europe [1]. A...

Focus on Cosmeceuticals: Definitions, regulations and a review of the market

In the previous section of this special focus, the structure and function of the skin has been reviewed as well as the cutaneous changes induced by UV exposure. This section will define the term cosmeceutical and discuss the current market...

The role of the maxillo-facial surgeon in the management of skull base malignancy

Whilst ablative surgery remains the principal treatment option for head and neck malignancy, the skull base is the last frontier. The complex anatomy, supreme functionality of the brain, and varied pathology provokes many a detailed discussion in the multidisciplinary team...