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A short overview of the evolution of botulinum toxin type A formulations

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is a potent neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum [1]. BoNT-A has been used for various therapeutic and aesthetic purposes, including the treatment of muscle disorders, chronic pain and facial wrinkles [2-4]. Over the...

In conversation with Professor David Sines

In January 2016 a new voluntary regulatory register was established – the Joint Council for Cosmetic Practitioners (JCCP), chaired by Professor David Sines. Since that time the JCCP has met with challenges from many within the aesthetics industry. We spoke...

An overview of chemical peels

Chemical peels form an important part of most aesthetic and cosmetic practices. They are an affordable procedure for patients and significant results can be achieved. Generally chemical peels are a safe procedure, but only if used correctly and with caution....

Soft tissue augmentation – a review

The author explains how treating the face as a 3D structure is key to a good result with invasive or non-invasive procedures. History Rejuvenation of the face and trying to reverse the effects of ageing dates back centuries. Facial volume...

Lips and the perioral area: anatomical considerations for safer and natural results

This article has been verified for CPD. Click the button below to answer a few short questions and download a form to be included in your CPD folder. Minimally invasive cosmetic procedures, including lip augmentation using hyaluronic acid dermal fillers,...