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Facial contouring with fillers

With the advent of hyaluronic acid fillers, safe and effective non-surgical facial rejuvenation has been advanced. Hyaluronic acid fillers are becoming increasingly popular amongst patient who seek facial enhancement. In 2013, there were over 1.8 million treatments using hyaluronic acid...

Looking unusual: what it’s like and how skin camouflage can help

Appearance matters, nowadays more than ever. We live in a global culture where a smooth, blemish-free and consistent complexion, symmetrical features and perfect teeth are highly prized and believed to be the passport to happiness and success. If you are...

Malignant lesions and reconstruction of the pinna

External ear reconstruction can be challenging. Baskaran Ranganathan and Amr Abdelhamid describe how careful assessment, planning and surgery following the subunit principles and reconstructive ladder will ultimately lead to good aesthetic outcomes with restored form and function. The external ear,...

Auricular reconstruction: flip-flop flap

Describing an approach to the straightforward and reliable flip-flop axial flap for reconstruction of the conchal bowl subunit of the auricle. The ‘flip-flop’ flap describes an axial subcutaneous island flap lying between the auricular sulcus and mastoid process. The flap...

Auricular reconstruction: star-pattern reconstruction

We describe our approach to straightforward reconstruction of the peripheral auricle using the established star-pattern design. Skin malignancies developing on the auricle continue to be regarded as high-risk lesions due to their propensity to recur and for lymphatic spread. Greater...

An anecdotal and historical review of the median forehead flap

The specialty of plastic surgery has roots stretching back centuries. Here HS Adenwalla, renowned cleft surgeon, provides a fascinating account of the development of the median forehead flap. In the early 1970s a young boy of 16-years-old was brought to...

Choosing a 3D printer for reconstructive surgery

3D printing was first developed in the 1980s, but it wasn’t until the early 2010s that the additive manufacturing or 3D printing technology advanced enough to become available to those outside of specialist laboratories. 3D printing has also begun to...

Sushruta and Indian rhinoplasty

Vijay Pothula explains rhinoplasty’s roots in ancient Indian Ayurvedic medicine, and how it was introduced to the Western world. In 1794 The Gentleman’s Magazine published a surgical operation which was long established in India but unknown in Europe [1]. A...

A study of chronic refractory tibia osteomyelitis treated with surgery and adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen

Introduction Chronic tibial osteomyelitis is a difficult problem to eradicate and often fails to respond to surgical treatment. Orthopaedic surgeons find it difficult to treat these infections which reside as a nidus in dead bone. There is always a risk...