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Chemical peels
Chemical peels are methods of skin resurfacing, and date back to ancient Egypt. Chemicals are applied and induce injury at specific depths in skin; the wound promotes collagen remodelling and improved surface appearance. There are three types: superficial, medium and...
Laser skin resurfacing
The increasing demand from patients to attain more youthful skin has driven the field of facial rejuvenation. Ablative technologies and laser technology are amongst of the most effective modalities. Laser resurfacing is a safe and effective treatment. Newer technologies have...
How to measure functional outcome after nose surgery
The authors of this paper perform a systematic review of the literature on two of the most popular patient-reported measures for nasal obstruction, the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) and the visual analog scale (VAS). They compare pre and postoperative...
Not all faces are alike
The author examined 108 photographs of faces taken in an exact front view, in order to look for different patterns of facial shapes: round, square, heart shaped, oval and long. The author recognised that this was a qualitative analysis and...
Cheek reconstruction following melanoma excision
Malignant melanoma occurs most commonly on the cheek and thus are usually diagnosed early, rarely needing large reconstructions following advanced disease. This is a retrospective looking at 26 patients identified that had undergone treatment for cheek melanomas between 1996 and...
Immediate planned reconstruction following complex craniofacial reconstruction
The immediate reconstruction of 3-D craniofacial defects is extremely difficult and can be more difficult than the ablation. Perfect shape and symmetry is required. In the past decade this has largely improved with CAD/CAM engineering. The authors report a one-step...
Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma in the head and neck
The authors present a retrospective single institution review of patients with a very rare variant of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). They report on the occurrence, clinical course and outcomes of their patients with natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) nasal type. Sixty-three patients...
Hyposalivation in the oral cavity
This article is a comprehensive but succinct look at the effects of hyposalivation secondary to Sjogren's syndrome in the oral cavity. These publications are divided into dental manifestations, oral mucosal manifestations and other oral manifestations. The authors discuss caries, gingivitis,...
A comparison between the American European Consensus Group and the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for Sjogren's syndrome
This article highlights the challenges in diagnosing Sjogren's syndrome. As is pointed out in the introduction, there is no one gold standard for diagnosis and since 1965, there have been 11 sets of classification criteria for Sjogren's syndrome. The authors...
Diagnosis and management of orbital vascular malformations
This is an authoritative review of a controversial and difficult clinical area. The authors have experience of over 350 cases and provide a well-structured review of the classification and management of orbital vascular malformations. They emphasise the need to understand...
Analysis and outcome of explanted hydroxyapatite orbital implants
This is a retrospective case series over 11 years of 25 patients with exposed synthetic hydroxyapatite orbital implants who underwent explantation and simultaneous replacement with a dermis fat graft. All patients had signs of infection and had been treated with...
