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Recognising the key tear trough ligaments

This article has been verified for CPD. Click the button below to answer a few short questions and download a form to be included in your CPD folder. The anatomical understanding of the periorbital ligaments is critical for mastering tear...

Tranexamic acid and platelet rich plasma in the treatment of melasma: efficacy and safety

Melasma is a common, acquired, progressive, often symmetrical macular hypermelanosis that is usually localised on the face and more frequently on the forehead, upper lip, central and malar area of the face. It is triggered by a variety of factors,...

Laser tattoo removal: results and issues

The term tattoo indicates both the technique for pictorial decoration on a person’s body [1], and the decoration produced by such a technique. Studies show that in the United States around 5-6% of the general population, 13% of adolescents, 19-35%...

The medial gastrocnemius flap

This classic muscle flap is now being used with increasing frequency following revision knee joint surgery. Following the Nahai and Mathes classification, the gastrocnemius muscle is a Type I muscle with a single dominant vascular pedicle (Figure 1). The gastrocnemius...

The three stages of breast reconstruction

Breast cancer has become so common that most people reading this article will know someone (either professionally or personally) who has been affected by breast cancer. One of the most common treatments for breast cancer is removal of the ‘whole’...

Combined procedures: lipo-abdominoplasty and lipo-inner thighplasty (string technique) and face rejuvenation

From liposuction to adipose stem cells; from regenerative medicine to tissue engineering; and a vision of the future. Part 2 With the evolution of superficial suction lipectomy in the 1990’s the need for skin resection became less common and the...

Part four: Aye, Aye. AI?

“Formal clinical guidelines would provide a structured, evidence-based approach to managing patients who have undergone melanoma treatment and are considering elective surgery. This would enhance patient safety, standardise care, and support informed decision-making. Given the increasing prevalence of melanoma and...

A Timeline of Plastic Surgery

Where did the name ‘plastic’ surgery come from? It is probable that the first use of the term was by the German von Graefe in his book Rhinoplastik published in 1818. The intention was to describe the moulding of tissue...

Burns care in India: unique and continuing challenges

The author interviews Dr Shobha Chamania, Chief of Choithram Hospital Burn Unit, to obtain an insight into the unique challenges burns care practitioners face in India. Choithram Hospital Burn Unit is an Interburns accredited training centre located in Indore City,...

Laser and light based hair removal

Laser hair removal is a popular, and constantly evolving, treatment. Professor Paolo Bonan and colleagues provide us with a comprehensive overview and some ‘top tips’ for how to make the procedure as safe and effective as possible. Hair removal, also...

Augmentation rhinoplasty

Rhinoplasty refers to a procedure in plastic surgery in which the structure of the nose is changed by adding or removing bone or cartilage, grafting tissue from another part of the body, or implanting synthetic material to alter the shape...

Perceptions and Deceptions a personal blog by the editor 4 May 2016

So in the space of just a few days the Junior Doctors in the UK have engaged in the first all-out strike in the NHS since 1975. I was a medical student then and the issue was pay and conditions....