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From female genital mutilation to female genital reconstruction

The demand for reconstruction of mutilated female genitalia is increasing in Europe due to the empowerment of immigrant and naturalised women from Africa. Their wish for reconstruction is more than a matter of surgery, as these women still have to...

An anecdotal and historical review of the median forehead flap

The specialty of plastic surgery has roots stretching back centuries. Here HS Adenwalla, renowned cleft surgeon, provides a fascinating account of the development of the median forehead flap. In the early 1970s a young boy of 16-years-old was brought to...

How I Do It - Innovative delivery devices: Juvapen

The administration of botulinum toxin is traditionally performed using a small syringe plus needle. There are a few ways this can be performed. Either an integrated insulin syringe is used of 1ml, 0.5ml or 0.3ml which comes attached to a...

Gross Negligence Manslaughter in Healthcare: The medico-legal dilemma (part 1)

On the 8 December 2020, Justice Judianna Barnes sentenced Dr Mak Wan-ling to three and a half years in prison. The charge for which she was found guilty was gross negligence manslaughter (GNM). She had injected a contaminated blood sample into a patient and the patient had died. The conviction was fundamentally flawed.

A guide to hair transplantation

A leading hair transplant surgeon provides an overview of the most effective surgical treatments for hair restoration – and how the industry will develop over the next decade. Modern hair transplant techniques were first developed in Japan in the 1930s...

Preferred upper / lower lip ratio and perception of naturally looking lips, a study across generations and genders

Introduction ‘Beauty is in the eye of the beholder’. Although it sounds true, most often some beauty patterns or preferences can be innate or intuitive [1]. When it comes to the ideal lips, how much of their features can be...

Enhancing performance and wellbeing for surgeons: the science of life coaching

Life coaching has emerged as a powerful personal and professional development tool, particularly for individuals navigating high-stakes environments. Life coaching emphasises self-awareness, self-management and self-efficacy, including establishing desired outcomes, goal setting and developing skills and action plans to achieve them....

Glow like a queen

Dr Vincent Wong explains why skin health is particularly important when it comes to treating drag queens and how to help them glow. In an era of gender fluidity, facial masculinisation and feminisation treatments are rising in popularity. As we...

Sir Archibald McIndoe and the Guinea Pig Club

The early life of Sir Archibald McIndoe Archibald Hector McIndoe was born in Dunedin, New Zealand on 4th May, 1900. His father John was a printer and mother Mabel an artist. He was the second eldest child of four children....

Gross Negligence Manslaughter in Healthcare: The medico-legal dilemma (part 22) – The prone position

How much does the position of a patient add to the risk of a surgical procedure? This is an extremely important question, and the answer is far from simple.

Cryolipolysis: a review of published clinical data

Definition: Cryolipolysis is derived from the greek language, describing ‘cold’ and ‘fat breakdown’. History The actual phenomenon of cold induced adipocyte necrosis was originally described by Epstein et al. in 1970 who had reported the presence of a “red indurated...

How long should you wait for your adrenaline to work?

The authors present a prospective, randomised, triple-blind study to see how long it really takes to obtain the lowest cutaneous haemoglobin concentration after lignocaine with adrenaline injection. Twelve healthy volunteers were injected simultaneously in each arm with either plain 1%...