Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is a potent neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum [1]. BoNT-A has been used for various therapeutic and aesthetic purposes, including the treatment of muscle disorders, chronic pain and facial wrinkles [2-4]. Over the...
A leading hair transplant surgeon provides an overview of the most effective surgical treatments for hair restoration – and how the industry will develop over the next decade. Modern hair transplant techniques were first developed in Japan in the 1930s...
PDO threads By Martyn King Polydioxanone or poly-p-dioxanone (PDO, PDS) is a colourless, crystalline, biodegradable polymer of multiple repeating ether-ester units and has been used in many disciplines of surgery as subcutaneous and cutaneous stitches for over 30 years. It...
This is a retrospective paper from China that looks to assess the efficacy and safety of sialendoscopy with a combined transoral or transcutaneous approach for the removal of parotid stones. Sialolithiasis is known to be a major cause for obstructive...
This is a retrospective review of 319 orbital decompression operations in 169 patients (73% female) with thyroid eye disease. Three wall decompressions were performed in 92 eyes, 2-wall in 206 (medial and floor), and a single wall (medial) in 18,...
This is retrospective review of outcomes of lacrimal gland epithelial tumours treated between 1972 and 2014 at Moorfields Eye Hospital. Seventy-nine patients were reported, comprising 53 adenoid cystic carcinomas, 15 primary adenocarcinomas and 11 carcinomas ex-pleomorphic adenoma. The authors compare...
Removing breast implants has a profound effect on the patient’s appearance; in this article the authors, both expert breast surgeons, discuss how to optimise the cosmetic result. Removing breast implants has a profound effect on the patient’s appearance and we...
Laser hair removal remains the best method of eliminating unwanted hair, including cases of hirsutism. Due to the pathogenesis of hirsutism, laser therapy alone can be insufficient to treat it. Male pattern terminal hair growth is caused by androgens and...
Recent advances in mobile phone camera technology and app software design have allowed photos of patients and their wounds to be sent from any smartphone to a secure NHS database, which can then be accessed by the relevant clinician with...
- VIDEO CONTENT AT BOTTOM OF ARTICLE - Vascular complications from the use of soft tissue fillers can be devastating. In the first of a two-part series (click here for Part 2), the authors discuss how to avoid these adverse...
I began doing research in 2010 on vaginal laser tissue induction to achieve vaginal tightening and sexual enhancement. I started noticing an improvement of continence in patients who were leaking. I was very excited about the results and more than...
A detailed paper exploring salient concepts of skin anatomy pertinent to aesthetic practitioners, performing non-surgical treatments. Components of the epidermis and dermis are comprehensively described, with emphasis placed on clinicians developing an in depth understanding of how the ageing process...